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Field Guide / Ticks, Spiders & Biting Pests

Paper Wasp

Polistes species

Also called: umbrella wasp

A slim, long-legged wasp that builds an open, umbrella-shaped nest under eaves and ledges, and usually stings only when its nest is threatened.

AI-generated macro photo of a slender brown and yellow wasp on a gray papery nest
AI-generated illustration for general reference, shown much larger than life. Individual animals vary in color and pattern, so use the written tips and a real specimen, not one picture, to identify it.
Kind
Stinging Insects
Size
About 3/4 inch
Range
Throughout the United States
Regions
Northeast, Southeast, Midwest & Plains, Southwest, Rockies & West
When active
Spring through fall
Concern
Medically significant venom, Allergic reactions

How to identify it

  • A slender wasp with a narrow waist and long legs that dangle in flight.
  • The body is brown, reddish, or black, often with yellow markings.
  • The nest is a flat, open comb of papery cells with no outer cover.
  • Nests hang under eaves, in sheds, and on branches.

Health risk

Paper wasps are less aggressive than yellowjackets but will sting when a nest is disturbed. A sting is painful, and some people have allergic reactions.

How to avoid it

  • Check under eaves, in sheds, and around doors and window frames before reaching in.
  • Do not disturb a nest, and keep your distance.
  • Walk away calmly if a wasp lands on you.
  • If you find a nest near camp or home, leave it alone and move away or call a professional.

If you are bitten or stung

  1. Move away from the area, since some stinging insects will sting again or call others.
  2. If a stinger is stuck in the skin, scrape it out quickly with a flat edge such as a fingernail or card.
  3. Wash the area with soap and water, and apply a cold pack or cool cloth to ease pain and swelling.
  4. Take an over-the-counter antihistamine or use hydrocortisone cream as the label directs, and avoid scratching.
  5. Watch for signs of an allergic reaction for the next several hours. If the person has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector and a serious reaction, use it and call 911.

When to get medical care

  • Get emergency care right away for hives all over the body, swelling of the face or throat, trouble breathing, dizziness, or fainting, which can signal a severe allergic reaction.
  • See a doctor for many stings at once, a sting inside the mouth or throat, or a sting site that looks infected.
  • If you have ever had a serious reaction to a sting, talk to a doctor about carrying epinephrine.

Call 911 for trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, a racing heart, dizziness, or fainting.

Often confused with

  • Yellowjacket: shorter and stockier, and more aggressive near food.

Field notes

Paper wasps hunt caterpillars and other insects, and they are good to have in a garden when nests are away from where people walk.

Related guides

This page is general information from public health sources such as the CDC, not medical advice. Risks vary with where you live, your health, and any allergies, so talk to a doctor or pharmacist about repellents, allergy plans, and vaccines. Follow the label on any repellent or insecticide.

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