Field Guide / Shot Sizes & Chokes
Bismuth Shot
Also called: bismuth
An approved nonlead shot that is denser than steel and softer, easier on barrels and good for waterfowl and upland birds.
- Type
- Shot Materials
- Density
- About 9.6 grams per cubic centimeter
- Hardness
- Softer than steel, and brittle
- Legal status
- Approved nonlead shot for waterfowl
- Used for
- Ducks & geese, Upland birds
What it is good for
- Waterfowl where nonlead is required, with less barrel concern than steel.
- Upland birds on lands that require nonlead.
- Hunters with older guns who want a nonlead choice.
Where it falls short
- More expensive than steel.
- Less dense than lead, so energy falls faster.
- Fewer loads are available.
Tips
- Bismuth patterns and performs close to lead for many hunters.
- Check that the shell is approved for waterfowl in your area.
Works well with
- Steel Shot: cheaper and harder, but less dense.
- Tungsten Shot: even denser and costlier.
Field notes
Bismuth is a heavy metal that is much less toxic than lead. It costs more than steel and is a good option for hunters using older shotguns.
Related guides
Pellet counts, patterns, and ranges are typical figures, not guarantees. Pattern your own shotgun with your own loads at the distances you hunt, and follow the shotgun manual for which shells and chokes are safe. Nonlead shot rules and legal shot types differ by state and area; our state resources directory links to each state's official regulations.