Southern Flounder
Paralichthys lethostigma
Also called: flattie, flounder
A flat, left-eyed ambush predator of bays and estuaries that runs to inlets in the fall, a favorite for gigging and rod fishing.
- Type
- Bottom & Reef Fish
- Typical size
- 1 to 4 lb; fish over 6 lb are large
- Range
- The Atlantic coast from the Carolinas south and around the Gulf of Mexico
- Coasts
- Southeast Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico
- Where
- Flats & estuaries, Reefs, wrecks & jetties
- Best seasons
- Fall, when mature fish move toward inlets
Note: Many states have size limits, seasons, and gear rules, including rules about gigging. Size limits, bag limits, and seasons for this species change often, so check current state and federal rules before you keep one.
How to identify it
- Both eyes on the left side of the body.
- A brown, mottled upper side that matches the bottom.
- A large mouth with sharp teeth.
- No clear, ringed eyespots.
Often confused with
- Summer Flounder: has ringed, eye-like spots, and ranges farther north.
Baits and lures
- Live mud minnows and finger mullet
- Shrimp
- Soft plastic jigs, often tipped with a scent
Techniques
- Drag a live bait slowly along sandy and muddy bottom.
- Let the fish take the bait for a moment before setting the hook.
- Fish channel edges, docks, and creek mouths.
- Use a light jig head and work it slowly.
Field notes
Flounder lie on the bottom and ambush prey. Their color changes to match the surface, which makes them hard to see.
Related guides
Saltwater size limits, bag limits, seasons, gear rules, and license requirements change often and differ by state and in federal waters. Some species are catch-and-release only or closed in certain areas. Check your state's current fishing regulations before you keep a fish; our state resources directory links to each state's official wildlife and fisheries agency.