Focal Plane (FFP vs SFP)
Also called: first focal plane, second focal plane, FFP, SFP
Whether the reticle sits in front of or behind the zoom lenses. It decides if the reticle grows as you zoom or stays the same size.
- Type
- Specs & Terms
- First focal plane (FFP)
- Reticle grows and shrinks with the image, so the marks stay true at any power
- Second focal plane (SFP)
- Reticle stays the same size, and marks are correct at one power only
- Typical use
- SFP in many hunting scopes; FFP in many long-range scopes
- Used for
- Hunting, Target shooting
What it is good for
- Choosing between simple hunting and long-range scopes.
- Using hold marks at any zoom (FFP).
- Keeping a bold crosshair visible at low power (SFP).
Where it falls short
- FFP reticles can be too thin at low power.
- SFP marks work only at the stated power.
- Not important if you only use the center crosshair.
Tips
- If you only use the center crosshair, SFP is fine.
Works well with
- Reticle Types: the pattern being scaled.
- Variable-Power Scope: the kind that has a focal plane choice.
Field notes
On a fixed-power scope this choice does not matter, because the image and reticle never change size.
Related guides
Specs here are typical, not guarantees; models differ, so check the maker's published numbers. Never look at the Sun through any optic without a certified solar filter, and zero or mount a scope with the firearm unloaded and pointed in a safe direction. Rules on optics, such as scopes on certain hunts or lasers and electronics, differ by state; our state resources directory links to each state's official regulations. Want a buying guide? Read Choosing Hunting Optics.